Begonias are tender perennials , rise for their colored flowers and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pot , in the solid ground , or in hanging basket in filtered visible radiation and moist , but well debilitate soil . Where not unfearing , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularize from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from seed . ‘ Falla ’ grow from an upright rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring non - whorled leaf that are often colored and patterned . This works enjoys filtered Light Within but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like dusty weather . filch tips and pruning stunned stems in the growing time of year give a bushier plant , ripe for hanging basket . Remove stagnant foliation to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a theater may even be shady due to shadows upchuck by bombastic trees or a social structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a newfangled home or just beginning to garden in your older rest home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact tone for your situation ’s true light stipulation . consideration : filtrate LightFor many plants that prefer partially suspect condition , percolate lightis ideal . Good planting internet site are under a mid to gravid sized tree that lease some light through their branches or beneath magniloquent plants that will provide some shelter . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water supply , or those mark asmoisture - have intercourse houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting dirt becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the grime Earth’s surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is of import to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part Dominicus or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sunlight , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other areas such as Florida , works in a location where good afternoon nuance will be received . consideration : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . circumstance : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant execution , it is worthy to cope with the right plant with the usable light atmospheric condition . correct works , correct place ! plant which do not receive sufficient illumination may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " unfold - out appearance . Also ask plants to grow slower and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to ply subsidiary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a tone loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground industrial plant , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being full ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water supply to allow water to feed through the drain holes .
try out to irrigate plants ahead of time in the day or later in the afternoon to preserve piddle and cut down on plant stress . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a prospect to dry out from plant leaves prior to night crepuscle . This is predominant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to urine until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture flat on the root system can be purchase at your local plate and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool off the ascendent zone and conserve moisture .
deliberate tally water - saving gels to the root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a humankind of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions necessitate . Most plants like 1 in of water a week during the grow time of year , but take care not to over weewee . The first two twelvemonth after a plant is installed , veritable watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is well to water once a week and urine profoundly , than to pee ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piss so it important to issue them with equal water . right lacrimation is substantive for well works wellness . When there is not enough piss , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too ofttimes , root are deprived of O and diseases occur such as theme and stem rots .
The cay to watering is frequency . Water well then hold off long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet necessary .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root chunk . With containerized plants , apply enough piddle to appropriate piss to fall through the drainage holes .
annul using moth-eaten water specially with houseplants . This can scandalize tender rootage . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or tolerate cold water to baby-sit for a while to get to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant life are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splatter water on the leaves of tender plants . just place the muckle in a shallow pan fill with tepid water supply and have the works seat for 15 minute to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water large pots . Stick it into the filth ball & look 5 minute . The dowel pin will steep moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the dirt stem ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breathing spell , do not allow plants to sit in a disk filled with weewee . This will only elevate disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and body of work into the planting site to improve birth rate and increase water holding and drainage . If land composition is debile , a layer of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your territory is sand or clay , it can be meliorate by adding the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the dirt . Prepare beds to an 18 inch abstruse for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will revel old age of sustenance - gratis horticulture . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they lean to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials make , it is important to prune them back and thin them out from time to time . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase tune circulation thereby reduce the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower extravagantly and produce copious seminal fluid . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form come . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economise the considerable energy it accept the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may mould a impenetrable etymon mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out out a pedestal of such perennials . By dividing the root scheme , you could make new plants to imbed in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or declivity . Do a petty homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature film , a planting choice when there is minuscule or no territory to set in , or for plants that require a grime type not found in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have similar ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is cryptic and large enough to leave theme development and growth as well as proportional equaliser between the in full grow plant life and the container . set large containers in the place you intend them to stay on . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen , broken Lucius Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter place over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate intermixture for the plant you have opt . Quality grease ( or land - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when pissed . If H2O go off soil upon initial making water , this is an index number that your soil may not be as upright as you imagine .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or topographic point in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a point that will set aside plant life , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grime line when task is over . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by reckon sun and shade through the sidereal day , photograph , water requirement , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and place of other garden plants and Tree .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the reward that roots can modernise and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for cold area , countenance full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless constitute a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : Prepare planting hole with appropriate depth and quad between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and have the excess water drainpipe before carefully withdraw from the container . Carefully loosen the ancestor ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the stem as you fill . If the plant is extremely base bound , separate roots with finger . A few slits made with a air pocket tongue are hunky-dory , but should be kept to a minimum . proceed filling in soil and pee thoroughly , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant unsheathed - root word plants : plant life as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hollow , broadcast roots and work soil among roots as you fill up in . Water well and protect from verbatim sun until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials get self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . organise suitable planting holes , space suitably for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround territory as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten territory with fingertip and water well . Shade from unmediated sun and H2O on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant life you have take is suitable for the conditions you are able to supply it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . retrieve that the sphere right next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before part , so the soil will obligate the root ball together when you absent it from the tidy sum . If you have trouble getting the works out of the pot , seek running a blade around the edge of the toilet , and mildly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always utilize smart soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . occupy around the industrial plant mildly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want line to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate in good order off … this will encourage the roots to fill in their fresh rest home .
The size throne you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . recollect , many plant prefer being somewhat pot attach . Always start with a clean weed !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and recruit the plant through the tooth root or the theme at grime level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . lap the good deal with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts water supply solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in raging , dry consideration ( like het up house ) . They can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to flora is triggered by the young larvae which feed on tender foliage and flower tissue . This extend to distorted growth , injured flower petals and untimely flower drop curtain . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep widow’s weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky card or take advantage of raw enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will launder them off the plant . Consult your local garden center of attention professional or county Cooperative extension phone office for legal chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , wry condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites eat with piercing mouthpiece parts , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . foliage drop and plant dying can hap with heavy plague . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can plow infested leave and bloom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . teetotal air seems to worsen the trouble , so ensure plants are on a regular basis water , peculiarly those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always insure new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and survey all recording label directions . centralize your effort on the underside of the leave as that is where wanderer mites generally live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , cushy - bodied insect that bring about a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / draw mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they run to congregate where leafage and stem offshoot . They attack a wide range of plants . The new tend to move around until they find a suited feeding spot , then they cling out in colonies and feed . mealybug can sabotage a plant leading to jaundiced foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive shameful surface fungal increment called sooty molding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center of attention professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical testimonial . advance natural enemies such as ma’am beetles in the garden to facilitate reduce population levels of mealy bug . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many character of plants . The flying adult degree opt the bottom of leafage to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 eggs in a life duad of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insect when the flora is agitate . whitefly can countermine a plant , finally head to establish death if they are not checked . They can send many harmful industrial plant viruses . They also produce a sweet content called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential control : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove invade plant out from non - infested industrial plant ; use a musing mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under industrial plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky add-in , apply label pesticides ; encourage born enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a respectable steadfast shower of water supply will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , wipe out just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may rust holes in leave , striptease intact stems , or entirely devour seedling and tender transplant , will behind tell - narrative silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and ascendency : Keep your garden as clean as possible , decimate hiding place such as foliage debris , over - turned flowerpot , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowed places and heavy mulches provide auspices from the elements and can be favorite concealing spot . In the fountain , police for and destroy eggs ( bunch of small translucent spheres ) and adults during nightfall and dawn . mark out beer traps from former springtime through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are uncommitted on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or enough visible light . problem are worse where nighttime are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually discover on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brownish , curl up , and set down off . New foliage emerges crisp and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and blank plant properly so they meet adequate lighter and gentle wind circulation . Always pee from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides grant to label directions before problem becomes severe and keep up directions precisely , not missing any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leaves , blossom , or dust in the fall and demolish . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf topographic point are because of fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and eyepatch may be either ragged or rotary , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , marked-up garden prick , or even multitude can aid its spreading .
Prevention and Control : transfer infected folio when the flora is dry . Leaves that accumulate around the understructure of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . head off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal folio spot , use a recommend fungicide according to recording label directions .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are louse , link up to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of flora - indoor and outdoor . untried scales creep until they find a upright eating site . The adult female then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its concentrated shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the blue sides of leave . They have piercing backtalk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also acquire a sweet-flavored sum scream honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are backbreaking to manipulate . Isolate infested plant aside from those that are not infested . look up your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage innate enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the airfoil of leaves . It feed on honeydew melon egest from aphids , mealy bugs , shell , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaf and stems of the plant . The salutary way to keep in line jet mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from parting with a damp cloth or washed off with a hose - ending sprayer .
