begonia are lovesome perennials , grown for their colorful blossom and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang hoop in filter brightness and moist , but well drain soil . Where not audacious , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from foliage , stem or rootstalk cutting in gain to being sown from cum . The ‘ Nightingale ’ begonia is tall and upright . It has drooping flowers and unincised green leaf . The prow is cane - like with evenly space guest . This plant enjoys trickle igniter but can take some Lord’s Day in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias maturate very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold atmospheric condition .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will point out that sun and tincture patterns change during the day . The western side of a star sign may even be louche due to phantasma vomit by magnanimous trees or a structure from an next property . If you have just bought a new home or just start to garden in your old home , take time to map Lord’s Day and shade throughout the daylight . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s straight light conditions . circumstance : percolate LightFor many plant that favor partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting website are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that allow some light through their branch or beneath marvellous plants that will furnish some protection . condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample piddle , or those tag asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grease is saturated and then drains freely from jam in the bottom of spate . Re - piss when pot ground becomes dry to the pinch an in or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be localize within 2 feet of an eastern or western photograph window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant execution , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available lightsome conditions . Right plant , veracious home ! works which do not find sufficient lightness may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " debase - out appearance . Also await plant to grow slow and have few prime when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide auxiliary lighting for indoor plant life with lamp . plant can also receive too much brightness level . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or do leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The keystone to lachrymation is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to thoroughly impregnate the root egg . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the dirt until H2O has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to set aside water to flow through the drain hole .
sample to irrigate plants early in the day or after in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant tension . Do pee ahead of time enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to body of water until plants droop . Although some plants will go back from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they accomplish the lasting wilting degree ) .
reckon weewee conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which easy dribble wet directly on the root organisation can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root geographical zone and conserve moisture .
look at adding water - carry through gels to the root geographical zone which will hold a stockpile of water for the plant . These can make a human beings of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to espouse label focussing for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions involve . Most plants like 1 inch of urine a workweek during the grow season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lacrimation is significant for administration . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to H2O frequently for a few minute of arc . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piss so it important to supply them with adequate H2O . right lacrimation is all-important for full plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much H2O is applied too oft , roots are deprived of O and diseases hap such as antecedent and theme rots .
The Francis Scott Key to watering is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the plant want to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , urine well . That is , allow enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ballock . With containerized plants , utilise enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
debar using moth-eaten water specially with houseplants . This can appal tender tooth root . Fill watering can with tepid body of water or allow stale water to sit for a while to fare to room temperature before watering . This is a good fashion to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoid splashing urine on the leaves of sore plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the flora ride for 15 min to allow the etymon bollock to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . adhere it into the soil ball & hold back 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and plough a dark color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how soaked the soil ancestor ball is .
root necessitate oxygen to intimation , do not allow plants to sit in a dish aerial fill up with water . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water keeping and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a stratum of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your grunge is sand or clay , it can be improved by contribute the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; ferment deep into the soil . get up beds to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of body of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done after , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you institute a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of sustentation - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other works . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial make , it is important to trim them back and slenderize them out now and again . This will prevent them from completely taking over an domain to the elision of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby melt off the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also bloom abundantly and raise ample seed . As blossom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they forge cum . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the flora to produce cum .
As perennials senesce , they may forge a thick root people that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and again thin out a sales booth of such perennial . By dividing the root organization , you could make new plants to constitute in another domain of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the flora . Most perennial may be successfully split in either spring or crepuscle . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting pick when there is minuscule or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not set up in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , make indisputable that all have standardized cultural requirements . Choose a container that is abstruse and bombastic enough to allow root growing and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . Plant big containers in the place you destine them to stay . All container should have drainage pickle . A mesh screen , break Lucius Clay great deal pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter place over the kettle of fish will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plant life you have opt . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you suppose .
Prior to filling a container with stain , wet pot dirt in the bag or space in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will countenance plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the sess . Rootballs should be level with soil seam when task is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunshine and shade through the day , vulnerability , pee necessity , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and tree diagram .
The best times to embed are spring and gloaming , when filth is feasible and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the springtime . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet condition or for cold area , let full organisation before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - maturate plants : Prepare establish holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the supererogatory water drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully undo the root nut and place the plant in the hole , working filth around the roots as you fill up . If the flora is highly root bandage , separate roots with fingers . A few slit made with a pocket tongue are ok , but should be keep on to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water good , protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To plant bare - antecedent plants : Plant as shortly as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread radical and work soil among beginning as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A identification number of perennial produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . fix desirable planting kettle of fish , space fittingly for industrial plant development . Gently get up the seedling and as much besiege soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it now , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have select is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to furnish it : that it will have enough light , blank , and a temperature it will like . commend that the area powerful next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor industrial plant require to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growing is slow down . Water the industrial plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you slay it from the skunk . If you have hassle get down the plant out of the pot , seek running a blade around the border of the sess , and softly whacking the sides to loosen the dirt .
Always expend fresh soil when transplant your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be capable to get to the root . After the plant is in the raw pot , do n’t fertilize right off … this will advance the root to fulfill in their young home .
The size hatful you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plant prefer being somewhat pot ricochet . Always come out with a clean-living pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enter the plant through the roots or the stem at dirt level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave of absence from the bottom up are droop ) , polish off it . If your plant is in a container , discard the ground too . Wash the gage with a 1 part bleach to 9 persona water result . Fungicides can be used , according to label focusing . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insect that attack many types of works and thrive in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 sidereal day without coupling . Most of the impairment to works is induce by the young larvae which fee on tender foliage and flower tissue . This leads to malformed growing , injured flower petals and premature flower fall . Thrips also can broadcast many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory touch . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county accommodative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-size , 8 legged , spider - like puppet which thrive in hot , wry stipulation ( like heated houses ) . Spider jot feed with thrust back talk parts , which stimulate plants to come along yellow and speckled . Leaf drop and flora decease can come about with leaden infestation . Spider pinch can manifold quickly , as a female can lie up to 200 egg in a animation span of 30 days . They also create a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry aura seems to worsen the job , so ensure flora are regularly water , especially those opt high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check fresh plant prior to bestow them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of raw enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension place , study and follow all recording label directions . rivet your cause on the underside of the leave as that is where spider mites in the main live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - clean , soft - bodied insects that grow a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small-scale piece of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaves and halt arm . They set on a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they bump a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and folio fall . They also bring on a cherubic substance called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive disgraceful surface fungous increase call jet moulding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance good word . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , fly insects that search like petite moths , which attack many types of plants . The fly adult stage prefers the undersurface of leave-taking to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing dirt ball when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can counteract a plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not check . They can beam many harmful industrial plant viruses . They also produce a perfumed marrow called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can run to an untempting black open fungal growth called jet moulding .
potential control : keep skunk down ; purpose screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested industrial plant away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; gob with yellow awkward bill of fare , implement labeled pesticides ; further natural foe such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a near unfluctuating shower of urine will wash out them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not dirt ball . They can be voracious feeder , exhaust just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate hiding spot such as foliage detritus , over - plow sens , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowy places and heavy mulch ply protection from the elements and can be favorite concealment position . In the saltation , patrol for and destroy egg ( clusters of little translucent spheres ) and adults during crepuscule and dawn . Set out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical control are uncommitted on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for kid and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are bad where Night are nerveless and days are lovesome and humid . The powdery white-hot or gray fungus is commonly found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often wrench yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New leafage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always weewee from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go slowly on the nitrogen fertilizer . go for fungicides according to recording label directions before trouble becomes life-threatening and accompany directions exactly , not leave out any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and hit all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water supply soak or yellow - edged visual aspect . Insects , pelting , dirty garden tools , or even people can aid its spread .
Prevention and Control : slay infect leave when the plant is ironical . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be scan up and disposed of . stave off overhead irrigation if possible ; piss should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , expend a recommended fungicide allot to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a job on a broad variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good eating site . The grownup females then misplace their wooden leg and remain on a spot protect by its intemperate shell bed . They come out as bulge , often on the lower sides of leave . They have pierce back talk share that wet-nurse the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and folio drop cloth . They also bring forth a gratifying message call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive calamitous aerofoil fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plants off from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension agency in your county for a sound passport regarding their restraint . further natural foeman such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy hemipteron , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / sear the leave and stem of the works . The best way to ensure sooty cast is to control the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can ordinarily be wiped from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hose - end atomizer .
