In 2017,Nosema maddoxi(Microsporidia : Nosematidae ) was described as a pathogen of the brown marmorated stink microbe , Halyomorpha halys(Hemiptera : Pentatomidae ) .
Nosema maddoxiis a microsporidian infectingH. halys . Microsporidia are intracellular , obligate fungal parasite that unremarkably induce chronic contagion in worm hosts that can shorten lifespans , lessen fertility , prolong development , and stunt growth .
" former results bespeak thatN. maddoxiinfection can negatively impact the lifespan of adult females , female fecundity , egg viability , and nymphal survival , which we hypothesize would negatively impactH. halyspopulation densities " the bugologist at Cornell University refer . Few day ago , the same scientists have release on scientific journalBiological Controla unexampled study focused on the phenology , statistical distribution , and prevalence ofN. maddoxi infections inH. halyspopulations in the United States .
solicitation ofH. halysfrom three sites in 2018 were valuate for the seasonality ofN. maddoxiinfections . preponderance of infection in outflow , afterH. halysadults overwinter , averaged 37.5 ± 18.9 % followed by humbled contagion prevalence during two summertime collections ( 9.7 ± 4.1 % and 7.3 ± 2.4 % ) . aggregation ofH. halysfrom 31 sites in 11 country in 2017 and 2018 were evaluated andN. maddoxiwas rule in every state sampled , average out 18.9 ± 4.3 % infection . Prevalence of low-down - intensity contagion was high than in high spirits - vividness infections in both the phenology and the distribution study . Internal melanized tissue paper within infectedH. halysadults are visible as brownish fleck through the abdominal shield and this physical polarity can help indicateN. maddoxiinfection : 74.2 % ofH. halyswith these spot were infected ; however , 30.0 % ofH. halysadults that did not have spots were infected .
" This subject area has shown that this pathogen is widely distributed throughoutH. halyspopulations in the US , and infection preponderance is variable among web site and is seasonal , with the highest infection levels fall out whenH. halysadults are aggregated , " the scientists concluded .
Source : Carrie E. Preston , Arthur M. Agnello , Ann E. Hajek,‘Nosema maddoxi ( Microsporidia : Nosematidae ) in Brown Marmorated Stink Bug , Halyomorpha halys ( Hemiptera : Pentatomidae ) ' , 2020 , Populations in the United States , Biological Control , 104213 .
Carrie E. Preston , Arthur M. Agnello , Françoise Vermeylen , Ann E. Hajek,‘Impact of Nosema maddoxi on the survival , development , and distaff fruitfulness of Halyomorpha halys ' , 2020,Journal of Invertebrate Pathology , Vol . 169 , 107303 .
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